Tadalafil protector effect during ischemia-reperfusion in rats

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate histological parameters in rat renal tissue after tadalafil use during hot ischemia for 45 minutes and reperfusion for 24 hours. Methods: Twenty rats were divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group 10 mg/kg of tadalafil was used per gavage before the procedure. All cases underwent left partial nephrectomy, followed by 45 minutes of warm ischemia. Left nephrectomy of the remaining kidney was performed after 24 hours from the initial procedure. The histological parameters analyzed were: detachment of tubular cells, accumulation of desquamated cells in the proximal tubule, loss of brush border, tubular cylinders, interstitial edema, leukocyte infiltration, capillary congestion, vacuolization, tubular dilatation, necrosis and collapse of the capillary tuft. Results: Two rats from each group died and were excluded from the study. Tadalafil significantly reduced leukocyte infiltration (p = 0.036). The remaining histological parameters did not show statistical difference between the groups. Conclusion: The use of tadalafil during warm ischemia and reperfusion demonstrates statistically significant reduction of leukocyte infiltration in the renal interstitium.

Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy in living donor

OBJECTIVE: Report the authorsÆ initial experience with hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy technique in renal donors for transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven donors submitted to hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy were retrospectively analyzed from February 2001 to June 2002. Technical aspects of the donor surgery, results, and complications, are discussed, as well as recipientÆs complications and outcomes. RESULTS: Among 27 hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomies, left kidney was withdrew in 18 donors (66.6 percent), and right kidney in 9 (33.3 percent). The operative time ranged from 55 to 210 minutes (mean 132.7 ± 37.6 min), and the time of hot ischemia ranged from 2 to 11 minutes (mean 4.7 ± 2.5 min), with an estimated mean blood loss during the intraoperative period of 133.3 mL. Conversion to open surgery was necessary for 1 (3.7 percent) patient due to vascular lesion. In graft evaluation, immediate diuresis was observed in 26 (96.3 percent) cases, and mean serum creatinine in PO day 7 was 1.5 ± 1.1 mg/dL. Renal vein thrombosis occurred in 1 (3.7 percent) patient requiring graft removal. Lymphocele was observed in 3 recipients (11.1 percent), and urinary leakage due to ureteral necrosis in 1 case (3.7 percent). CONCLUSION: Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy in living donors is a safe procedure and an effective alternative to open nephrectomy. In this series, the procedure presented low morbidity after surgery providing to the recipient a good morphological and functional quality of the graft

Complicaçöes cirúrgicas de 366 transplantes renais / Surgical complications of 366 renal transplantation

Com a finalidade de analisar as complicaçöes cirúrgicas verificadas após a realizaçäo de 366 transplantes renais, foram revisados e estudados os prontuários dos pacientes submetidos a este tipo de intervençäo no Hospital de Clínicas da UFPr e na Santa Casa de Curitiba, pela mesma equipe cirúrgica, no período compreendido entre novembro de 1973 e janeiro de 1997. As complicaçöes cirúrgicas encontradas consistiram em 13 (3,5 por cento) casos de fístula urinária, 4 (1,1 por cento) casos de obstruçäo ureteral, 3 (0,8 por cento) casos de refluxo vesicoureteral, 5 (1,4 por cento) casos de estenose da artéria renal, 1 (0,2 por cento) caso de trombose de artéria renal, 5 (1,4 por cento) casos de linfocele, 7 (1,9 por cento) casos de hematoma e 7 (1,9 por cento) casos de deiscëncia/infecçäo de parede. Säo comentados os dados clínicos, laboratoriais e de imagem considerados para o diagnóstico das complicaçöes, bem como as formas de tratamento e os resultados alcançados, concluindo-se que a correçäo das fístulas deve ser adaptada para as particularidades de cada caso, podendo optar-se pelo reimplante vesicoureteral ou quando possível, pela utilizaçäo da via excretora primitiva do receptor, na forma de pielopielostomia ou pieloureterostomia. Linfoceles e hematomas necessitam ampla drenagem cirúrgica e as estenoses de artéria renal säo melhor conduzidas por angioplastia(AB)